GUEST BLOG: Running, Running… Running out of Iron

As an obsessed runner, I know first hand that the effects of iron deficiency can hit hard… Particularly if you’re busting your guts to achieve health and fitness goals!

With iron deficiency, simple everyday activities like ascending a flight of stairs can feel like a gruelling climb to the peak of Mt Everest, (lack of oxygen and all!).

Not to mention the negative impacts on training!

Speed training feels more like lumbering through an atmosphere made of viscous honey, with no improvements to be seen in time trials; while long runs are followed by hours in a semi-comatose state on the couch.

This makes sense when we think about the roles of iron in the body, which include (but are not limited to) oxygen transport, red blood cell production and involvement in energy production systems.

The effects of iron deficiency are compounded by fitness training.

This is because training causes:

1. Increased iron requirements: Red cell production is increased, with increased blood use by the tissues.
2. Increased iron losses through sweat, blood, urine and the digestive tract. As a runner, red blood cells are lost through “haemolysis” as blood cells break apart with every foot strike.

So – what can you do to boost iron levels?

One answer (and my favourite reply) is FOOD!

There are two types of iron found in food:

-          Haem iron - found in animal foods such as red meat, poultry and seafood. Haem iron has far better absorption (around 15-18%).

-          Non-haem iron - found in legumes, some green veggies, dried fruits, nuts and fortified breakfast cereals. Non-haem iron is less well absorbed (<5%)

Image: Absorption of haem iron vs. non-haem iron

Becoming an “Iron”-Man/Woman: Top 4 Tips!

1. Be a Mindful Meat-Eater
   Eating lean red meat 3-4 times a week is a great way to meet your iron requirements. Good options include kangaroo, beef, veal and lamb.
   
   OR….
   
   
2. Be a Vigilant Vegetarian
   If vegetarian (or prefer a plant based diet) – make an extra effort to eat iron-rich plant foods regularly. Experiment with legumes and nuts, and choose fortified breakfast cereals
   
   
3. Avoid drinking tea or coffee within 30 minutes of meals.
   The tannins in these drinks can inhibit iron absorption.
   
   
4. Add vitamin C-rich foods to meals.
   This can increase iron absorption by up to four-fold! Examples include citrus fruits, green leafy vegetables and chilli.
   
   

Talk to your doctor and dietitian for more advice. Supplements may be recommended for some individuals.

Dominique is an Accredited Practicing Dietitian (APD), medically diagnosed coeliac, avid trail runner, and self-confessed peanut butter addict. You can follow her story on Instagram: @free.dom02